Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics Test 1

1. The normal gestation period of a domestic goat (doe) is approximately:

A. 114 days

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B. 150 days

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C. 283 days

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D. 340 days

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2. In the bitch, ovulation occurs approximately how long after the pre-ovulatory LH surge?

A. Immediately

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B. 12 hours

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C. 2 days

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D. 5-7 days

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3. The term for a difficult birth due to a large fetus relative to the size of the maternal pelvis
is:

A. Fetal monster

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B. Uterine torsion

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C. Feto-maternal disproportion 1

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D. Primary uterine inertia

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4. A "doughy" feeling on rectal palpation of the uterus in a cow is often indicative of:

A. Early pregnancy

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B. Pyometra

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C. Fetal mummification

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D. Normal diestrus

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5. Which of the following hormones is responsible for the development and maintenance of
the corpus luteum (CL)?

A. Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

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B. Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

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C. Prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α)

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D. Oxytocin

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6. The Whelping Box is a structure prepared for which species to give birth?

A. Ewe

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B. Sow

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C. Queen

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D. Bitch

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7. Freemartinism, a common cause of sterility in cattle, occurs in:

A. A male calf born twin to another male

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B. A female calf born twin to a bull calf

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C. Any calf from a multiple birth

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D. A calf with genetic abnormalities

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8. The primary site of semen deposition during natural mating in the cow is the:

A. Vagina

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B. Cervix

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C. Uterine body

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D. Uterine horns

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9. The condition where one uterine horn is absent is known as:

A. Uterus didelphys

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B. Uterus bicornis

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C. Uterus unicornis 3

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D. Segmental aplasia

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10. Cloudburst or pseudo-parturition is a phenomenon seen in goats, characterized by the
expulsion of uterine fluid without a fetus, and is associated with:

A. Fetal maceration

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B. True pregnancy

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C. Hydrometra or pseudopregnancy

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D. Uterine torsion

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11. The Cuboni test is a chemical test used for pregnancy diagnosis in mares that detects
what in the urine?

A. Progesterone

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B. eCG

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C. Estrogen 5555

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D. Relaxin

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12. The failure of the cervix to dilate during parturition in the ewe is commonly called:

A. Ringwomb

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B. Cervical stenosis

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C. False presentation

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D. Vaginal prolapse

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13. In artificial insemination, what is the primary purpose of the equilibration period for
semen after adding cryoprotectant?

A. To kill bacteria

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B. To allow the sperm cells to dehydrate and take up the cryoprotectant 7

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C. To increase sperm motility

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D. To initiate capacitation

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14. The causative agent of Contagious Equine Metritis (CEM) is:

A. Streptococcus equi zooepidemicus

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B. Equine Herpesvirus-1

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C. Taylorella equigenitalis 9

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D. Brucella abortus

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15. A Schistosomus reflexus is a fetal monster characterized by:

A. A shapeless, hairy mass

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B. Absence of the caudal vertebral column

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C. Severe ventral curvature and exposure of the abdominal viscera

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D. Two heads and a single body

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16. The most common type of placental attachment found in the sow is:

A. Cotyledonary

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B. Zonary

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C. Diffuse

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D. Discoid

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17. The primary hormone that causes luteolysis, or the regression of the corpus luteum, is:

A. Progesterone

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B. Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

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C. Prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α)

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D. Estrogen

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18. What is the technical term for the first stool passed by a newborn foal, which consists of
material ingested during gestation?

A. Meconium

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B. Lochia

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C. Vernix

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D. Colostrum

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19. In the cow, a "placentome" is a combination of which two structures?

A. Fetal amnion and maternal chorion

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B. Fetal cotyledon and maternal caruncle 11

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C. Fetal allantois and maternal endometrium

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D. Fetal villi and maternal cervix

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20. A "silent heat" refers to a condition where:

A. The animal shows intense signs of heat but does not ovulate

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B. Ovulation occurs without the animal showing external signs of estrus

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C. The estrous cycle is abnormally long

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D. The animal is in a state of anestrus

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Match the species in List I with its average estrous cycle length in List II.

List I (Species)	List II (Cycle Length)
A. Cow	I. 17 days
B. Ewe	II. 21 days
C. Sow	III. 6 months (variable)
D. Bitch	IV. 21 days

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

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B. A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III

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C. A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III

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D. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III

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Match the reproductive condition in List I with its classic clinical sign in List II.

List I (Condition)	List II (Clinical Sign)
A. Trichomoniasis (Cow)	I. Abortion storm in last trimester
B. Brucellosis (Cow)	II. “Leather-like” thickened placenta
C. Leptospirosis (Cow)	III. Early embryonic death, pyometra 13
D. Fetal Mummification	IV. Fetus retained, no signs of parturition

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A. A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV

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B. A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I

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C. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV

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D. A-I, B-IV, C-II, D-III

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Match the terminology in List I with its correct definition in List II.

List I (Term)	List II (Definition)
A. Dystocia	I. Inflammation of the uterus
B. Metritis	II. Difficult or abnormal birth
C. Anestrus	III. A period of no cyclical activity
D. Parturition	IV. The process of giving birth

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A. A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV

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B. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV

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C. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II

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D. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

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Match the drug in List I with its primary use in reproductive management in List II.

List I (Drug)	List II (Primary Use)
A. GnRH (e.g., Buserelin)	I. Luteolysis, estrus synchronization
B. PGF2α (e.g., Dinoprost)	II. Induction of ovulation, treatment of cystic ovaries
C. Progesterone (e.g., CIDR)	III. Uterine contractions, milk letdown
D. Oxytocin	IV. Estrus suppression, cycle control

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A. A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III

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B. A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV

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C. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

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D. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II

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25. Match the species in List I with a characteristic feature of its penis in List II.

List I (Species)	List II (Feature)
A. Boar (Pig)	I. Urethral process/vermiform appendage
B. Ram (Sheep)	II. Penile spines
C. Tom (Cat)	III. Corkscrew-shaped glans penis
D. Bull (Cattle)	IV. Fibroelastic with sigmoid flexure

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A. A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III

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B. A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV

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C. A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV

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D. A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II

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Match the structure in List I with the species where it is prominent in List II.

List I (Structure)	List II (Species)
A. Ovulation Fossa	I. Cow
B. Cervical Rings	II. Sow
C. Interdigitating Prominences (Cervix)	III. Mare
D. Uterine Caruncles	IV. Cow

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I

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B. A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II

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C. A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III

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D. A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV

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Match the term for a newborn animal in List I with its species in List II.

List I (Newborn)	List II (Species)
A. Foal	I. Goat
B. Kid	II. Cattle
C. Lamb	III. Horse
D. Calf	IV. Sheep

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV

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B. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

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C. A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III

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D. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II

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Match the semen characteristic in List I with the species in List II.

List I (Semen Characteristic)	List II (Species)
A. Large volume, low concentration, gel fraction	I. Bull
B. Small volume, very high concentration	II. Ram
C. Small volume, moderate concentration	III. Dog
D. Large volume, fractionated ejaculate	IV. Boar

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II

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B. A-I, B-IV, C-II, D-III

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C. A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III

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D. A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV

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Match the placental type in List I with its histological classification in List II.

List I (Placental Type)	List II (Histological Classification)
A. Diffuse (Sow, Mare)	I. Endotheliochorial
B. Cotyledonary (Ruminant)	II. Hemochorial
C. Zonary (Carnivore)	III. Epitheliochorial
D. Discoid (Primate, Rodent)	IV. Syndesmochorial

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV

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B. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II

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C. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

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D. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

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Match the fetal presentation in List I with its description in List II.

List I (Presentation)	List II (Description)
A. Anterior	I. The fetal buttocks and tail are presented
B. Posterior	II. The fetal back is presented toward the sacrum
C. Transverse	III. The fetal head, neck, and forelimbs are presented
D. Vertical	IV. The fetal hindlimbs and tail are presented

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A. A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV

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B. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I

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C. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II

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D. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

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31. Assertion (A): The Ovsynch protocol is widely used to synchronize ovulation for timed AI
in dairy cattle.
Reason (R): The protocol uses a combination of GnRH and PGF2α to control follicular wave
development and the timing of luteolysis, leading to a predictable ovulation.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

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B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A

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C. A is true but R is false

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D. A is false but R is true

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32. Assertion (A): Hydroallantois in cattle is characterized by a rapid, excessive
accumulation of fluid in the allantoic sac.
Reason (R): This condition is primarily caused by fetal abnormalities, such as an impaired
swallowing reflex.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

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B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A

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C. A is true but R is false

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D. A is false but R is true

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33. Assertion (A): In the mare, the embryo remains spherical and migrates throughout the
uterus until day 16 post-ovulation.
Reason (R): This migration is essential for maternal recognition of pregnancy, as it
distributes a hormonal signal to the entire endometrium to prevent PGF2α release.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

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B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A

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C. A is true but R is false

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D. A is false but R is true

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34. Assertion (A): Aglepristone is an effective drug for terminating pregnancy in the bitch.
Reason (R): It acts as a competitive antagonist at progesterone receptors, blocking the
hormone ability to maintain pregnancy.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

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B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A

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C. A is true but R is false

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D. A is false but R is true

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35. Assertion (A): Rectal palpation is a common and effective method for pregnancy
diagnosis in cattle after 35 days of gestation.
Reason (R): The four positive signs of pregnancy detectable on palpation are the fetus,
placentomes, amniotic vesicle, and fremitus in the uterine artery.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

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B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A

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C. A is true but R is false

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D. A is false but R is true

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36. Assertion (A): A Caslick's operation is performed on mares with poor vulvar conformation
to prevent pneumovagina.

Reason (R): Pneumovagina can lead to uterine contamination, inflammation, and
subsequent infertility.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

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B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A

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C. A is true but R is false

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D. A is false but R is true

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37. Assertion (A): The corpus luteum (CL) of a cyclic, non-pregnant animal is called a corpus
luteum spurium. 14
Reason (R): This CL regresses at the end of diestrus due to the luteolytic action of PGF2α
from the non-pregnant uterus.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

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B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A

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C. A is true but R is false

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D. A is false but R is true

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38. Assertion (A): A French mini straw (0.25 ml) is a standard vessel for storing
cryopreserved bull semen. 15
Reason (R): The small diameter provides a large surface area-to-volume ratio, which is
optimal for rapid and uniform freezing and thawing rates.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

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B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A

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C. A is true but R is false

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D. A is false but R is true

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39. Assertion (A): Dystocia is more common in polytocous (litter-bearing) species like the
sow compared to monotocous species.
Reason (R): The presence of multiple fetuses increases the chances of abnormal
presentation, position, and simultaneous entry into the birth canal. 16

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

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B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A

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C. A is true but R is false

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D. A is false but R is true

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40. Assertion (A): The gestation period of the Asian elephant is approximately 22 months. 17
Reason (R): This extended gestation is necessary for the advanced neural and physical
development required for a large, precocial calf.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

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B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A

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C. A is true but R is false

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D. A is false but R is true

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41. Statement I: The uterine environment of a cow with pyometra is characterized by high
levels of progesterone from a persistent corpus luteum. 18
Statement II: Treatment with PGF2α is often effective because it causes luteolysis, which
allows the cervix to open and the uterus to contract and expel the pus.

A. Both Statement I and Statement II are true

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B. Both Statement I and Statement II are false

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C. Statement I is true but Statement II is false

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D. Statement I is false but Statement II is true

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42. Statement I: In the queen (cat), estrus is characterized by behaviors such as
vocalization, restlessness, and assuming a lordosis posture.

Statement II: The queen is a spontaneous ovulator, meaning ovulation will occur during
every estrus period regardless of mating.

A. Both Statement I and Statement II are true

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B. Both Statement I and Statement II are false

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C. Statement I is true but Statement II is false

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D. Statement I is false but Statement II is true

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43. Statement I: Measurement of scrotal circumference in a bull is a key component of a
breeding soundness exam.
Statement II: It is positively correlated with sperm production capacity and the age of puberty
in his daughters.

A. Both Statement I and Statement II are true.

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B. Both Statement I and Statement II are false

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C. Statement I is true but Statement II is false

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D. Statement I is false but Statement II is true

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44. Statement I: Bagging up refers to the enlargement and edema of the udder in a mare
shortly before parturition.
Statement II: Waxing, the appearance of beads of colostrum on the teats, is an unreliable
sign and rarely indicates foaling is imminent.

A. Both Statement I and Statement II are true

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B. Both Statement I and Statement II are false

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C. Statement I is true but Statement II is false

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D. Statement I is false but Statement II is true

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45. Statement I: The process of removing the seminal plasma and replacing it with an
extender is called semen extension
Statement II: Egg yolk and milk are common components of semen extenders because they
protect sperm cells from cold shock during cooling.

Both Statement I and Statement II are true.

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B. Both Statement I and Statement II are false

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C. Statement I is true but Statement II is false

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D. Statement I is false but Statement II is tru

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46. Which of the following are considered positive (cardinal) signs of pregnancy on rectal
palpation in a cow?
(A) Asymmetry of the uterine horns
(B) Presence of a corpus luteum on the ovary
(C) Slipping of the fetal membranes (membrane slip)
(D) Palpation of the fetus
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A. (A) and (B) only

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B. (C) and (D) only

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C. (A), (C) and (D) only

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D. All of the above

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47. A breeding soundness examination for a ram would typically include which of the
following?
(A) Physical examination for soundness
(B) Scrotal circumference measurement
(C) Semen evaluation via electroejaculation
(D) Examination for Brucella ovis
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A. (A) and (C) only

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B. (B) and (D) only

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C. (A), (B), and (C) only

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D. (A), (B), (C), and (D)

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48. Uterine involution in the post-partum cow involves:
(A) A rapid decrease in uterine size and weight
(B) Sloughing of the uterine caruncles
(C) Regeneration of the endometrium
(D) Elimination of bacterial contamination
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A. (A) only

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B. (A) and (C) only

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C. (A), (B), and (C) only

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D. (A), (B), (C), and (D)

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49. Factors that can lead to dystocia of maternal origin include:
(A) Uterine inertia (primary or secondary)
(B) Incomplete dilation of the cervix
(C) Narrowing of the birth canal due to old pelvic fractures
(D) Torsion of the uterus

A. (A) and (D) only

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B. (B) and (C) only

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C. (A), (B), and (C) only

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D. (A), (B), (C), and (D)

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50. Which of the following are characteristics of the estrous cycle in the mare?
(A) Seasonally polyestrous (long-day breeder)
(B) Estrus period is relatively long (5-7 days)
(C) Ovulation can occur at any point during estrus
(D) Diestrus is characterized by receptivity to the stallion
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A. (A) and (B) only

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B. (C) and (D) only

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C. (A), (B), and (C) only

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D. All of the above

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All India Test Series For VO/VAS/LDO

Participants 1

Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics Test 1

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